Journal Abstract

Around 2,300 years ago, Chanakya compiled the Arthashastra, a fifteen-book treatise on statecraft, economics, and foreign policy. Its enduring relevance makes it a timeless classic, prompting the question of whether this ancient wisdom offers solutions for contemporary global challenges. Analyzing the Arthashastra helps us move beyond Eurocentric labels, such as calling Chanakya the “Indian Machiavelli,” when in fact, he significantly predates him. Furthermore, examining its core theories, like the Mandala (circle of states) and Saptanga (seven elements of the state), allows us to assess whether Kautilya's counsel on the art of governance and international relations truly stands the test of time. While the text provides a foundational understanding of ancient administration and military strategy, we must cautiously evaluate its concepts, giving due credit without excessive glorification. This article focuses specifically on polity and foreign policy to elaborate on the scope of interpreting Arthashastra’s principles in contemporary states and the issues they face.