Journal Reference

Al-Jazeera (2025). After the bloodshed: Can Bangladesh’s Awami League resurrect itself? https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2025/1/27/after-the-bloodshed-can-bangladeshs-awami-league-resurrect-itself

Amin, A. (2024). Bangladeshi July Revolution & visual representation impacts: A film impact aspect. Zenodo. https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.14250823

Siddik, A. (2024). Bangladesh’s July Revolution: Analyzing the 2024 movement for free speech and democracy. International Journal of Law and Political Sciences, 18(12).

Bennett, W. L. & Segerberg, A. (2012). The Logic of Connective action: Digital Media and the Personalization of Contentious Politics. Information, Communication & Society, 15(5), 739–768.

Bhandari, B. (2024). Bangladesh’s media struggles with Hasina’s legacy. Foreign Policy, https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/08/12/bangladesh-media-journalism-protests-sheikh-hasina/

Bhuian, F. A. (2024). The Daily Star, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/july-revolution-and-gen-zs-march-mass-political-awareness-3675326

Biswas, S. (2024). History’s key role in deadly student protests in Bangladesh. The Diplomat,https://thediplomat.com/2024/07/historys-key-role-in-deadly-student-protests-in-bangladesh/

Chughtai, A., & Ali, M. (2024, August 7). How Bangladesh’s ‘Gen Z’ protests brought down PM Sheikh Hasina. Al Jazeera.https://www.aljazeera.com/news/longform/2024/8/7/how-bangladeshs-gen-z-protests-brought-down-pm-sheikh-hasina

Corea, H. &Erum, N. (2024). What happened at the quota-reform protests in Bangladesh? Amnesty International, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/07/what-is-happening-at-the-quota-reform-protests-in-bangladesh/

Daily Star (2024). Quit now: protesters to govt. The Daily Star. https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/quit-now-protesters-govt-3668751

Dencik, L. & Leistert, O. (2015). Critical Perspectives on Social Media And Protest: Between Control and Emancipation. Rowman & Littlefield International.

Dhaka Tribune (2024). BBC Verify uncovers misinformation about Hindu persecution in Bangladesh. https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/354457/bbc-verify-uncovers-misinformation-about-hindu

Frosina, S. (2021). Digital Revolution: How Social Media Shaped the 2019 Hong Kong Protests. Italian Institute for International Political Studies (ISPI), https://www.ispionline.it/en/publication/digital-revolution-how-social-media-shaped-2019-hong-kong-protests-30756

Ghaedi, M. (2024). Fact check: False claims fuel ethnic tensions in Bangladesh. DW. https://www.dw.com/en/fact-check-false-claims-fuel-ethnic-tensions-in-bangladesh/a-69870923

Glenn, C. L. (2015). Activism or ‘slacktivism?’: Digital media and organizing for social change. Communication Teacher, 29(2), 81–85.

Hasan, M. M. (2024). ‘Step Down Hasina’: As millions take to the streets in Bangladesh, at least 91 feared dead. Scroll. In,https://scroll.in/latest/1071628/step-down-hasina-as-millions-take-to-the-streets-in-bangladesh-48-feared-dead

Hossain, N. (2025). Making sense of Bangladesh’s monsoon uprising. The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2025/01/making-sense-of-bangladeshs-monsoon-uprising/

Hossain, S. (2024). The Daily Star, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/july-august-movement-631-lives-lost-19200-injured-3697901

jagonews24.com. (2024). Students protest and role of ‘Mass Media’ in Bangladesh.https://www.jagonews24.com/en/national/news/75877

Khan, M. S. (2024). A chronicle of the July Uprising. The Daily Star, https://thegreatwave.thedailystar.net/news/a-chronicle-of-the-july-uprising

Kumar, R. (2024). From self-censorship to documenting repression: News media’s role in the protests toppling Bangladesh’s PM. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm

Maroof, M. H. (2024). ‘Step down Hasina’: As millions take to the streets in Bangladesh, at least 91 feared dead. Scroll.in,https://scroll.in/latest/1071628/step-down-hasina-as-millions-take-to-the-streets-in-bangladesh-48-feared-dead

Mehrotra, K. (2024). False claims about the Indian army entering Bangladesh were shared on social media. The Quint, https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/false-claim-indian-army-entering-bangladesh-protests-fact-check

Naher, K. (2024, October 21). The new face of disinformation in post-Hasina Bangladesh. The Business Standard. https://www.tbsnews.net/features/panorama/new-face-disinformation-post-hasina-bangladesh-972471

Rambukkana, N. (Ed.). (2015). Hashtag Publics: The Power and Politics of Discursive Networks.New York: Peter .

Rasul, G. (2024). Understanding the characteristics of the July student movement. Dhaka Courier. https://dhakacourier.com.bd/news/Featured_2/Understanding-the-Characteristics-of-the-July-Student-Movement/8693

Sharma, A. (2024). BTS ARMY rhymes with Bangladesh protesters’ blood, sweat & tears. India Today. https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/bts-army-rhymes-with-bangladesh-protesters-blood-sweat-and-tears-2572251-2024-07-26

Sigurdsen, P. & Iyer, R. (2024). A Double-Edged Sword: The Role of Social Media in the 2024 Political Uprising in Bangladesh. Tech Policy Press. https://www.techpolicy.press/a-double-edged-sword-the-role-of-social-media-in-the-2024-political-uprising-in-bangladesh/

The Business Standard (2024). Quota reform protests: Dhaka Residential Model College student killed in capital.https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/quota-reform-protests-dhaka-residential-model-college-student-killed-capital-902171

The Financial Express (2024). Unrest in Bangladesh: Student-led Demonstrations and Its spillover impact. https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-unrest-in-bangladesh-student-led-demonstrations-and-its-spillover-impact-3566475/

Turzo, M. A. P. (2024). Alternative social media’ narrative to create united nationalism in July Revolution. Bartakantha.https://bartakontho.com/en/2024/09/04/1823/

Papacharissi, Z. (2014). Affective publics: Sentiment, technology, and politics (online edition). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199999736.001.0001